Chemical Composition of the Cell: Questions and Answers

chemical substance firearm of the cellular phone fountainheads and sayschemical substance composition Of The stall hesitancyWhich of the close be called second class proteins?A. arrange proteinsB. Animal proteinsC. Food proteinsD. Milk proteinsAnswer A reasonPlant proteins argon called secondary class proteins because they generally contain less of the essential amino group acids hesitancyHow proteins can be broken?A. Enzymes B. Digestive enzymesC. Amino acidsD. DietAnswer B originProteins can be broken down by digestive enzymes into smaller polypeptides, dipeptides and the amino acids. division word form 4 yield chemic war paint Of The CellBil (603) motion Which of the pursuance can found a keratin in it?I. HairII. Nail troika. FeatherIV. Fibroin in silkA. I and II just nowB. I and tierce onlyC. I, II and triad D. I, II, tercet and IVAnswer D causal agentThe secondary structure is the regular arrangement of the polypeptide chain to solve a helix or pleat ed sheet maintain by hydrogen bonds. Example ar keratin found in hair, nails, horn, feather and fibroin in silk. orchest step mold 4 effect Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (604) doubt Where be lipids will insoluble? A. In waterB. Outside waterC. In organic solventsD. ChloroformAnswer A closeLipids argon insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol, either and chloroform. organise spring 4 way out Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (605) movement How more main groups of lipids?A. 2B. 3 C. 4D. 5Answer C formerThe main groups of lipids are four. There arei. Fats and oil (also know as triglycerides)ii. Phospholipidsiii. Steroidsiv. Waxes forge model 4 motif Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (606)Question Which of the following are other name for bad cholesterol?A. DLD cholesterol B. LDL cholesterolC. GlyceroD. EsterAnswer B lawsuitA high intake of saturated fats and cholesterol would out produce LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) levels in the blood. practice Form 4 depicted object Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (607)Question Which of the following is a precursor of cholesterol?I. Bile saltsII. Vitamin DIII. Steroids hormonesIV. Vitamin AA. I and II onlyB. I and III only C. I, II and IIID. I, II, III and IVAnswer CReasonCholesterol is a component of cell membrane. It is precursor of bile salts, vitamin D and steroid hormones such as oestrogen and seeosterone.Form Form 4 publication Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (608)Question Which of the following are formed by a phospholipids molecule?A. Condensation of glycerol moleculeB. Other lipidsC. Condensation of two glycerol D. Condensation of one glycerolAnswer DReasonA phospholipid molecule is formed form contraction of one glycerol molecule with two oily acid molecules and a phosphate groupForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (609)Question Which of the following are true about the similarities between unsaturated fats and satur ated fats?I. Both are triglyceridesII. They are formed from condensation of glycerol and fatty acids with removal of waterIII. Hydrolysis of triglycerides produces glycerol and fatty acids.IV. They function as an nada store and act as a source of energy for cellular metabolismA. I and II onlyB. I and III onlyC. I, II and III D. I, II, III and IVAnswer DReasonThe similarities between unsaturated fats and saturated fats arei. Both are triglyceridesii. They are formed from condensation of glycerol and fatty acids with removal of wateriii. Hydrolysis of triglycerides produces glycerol and fatty acids.iv. They function as an energy store and act as a source of energy for cellular metabolism.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (610)Question Which of the following are secreted by the sebaceous gland? A. SebumB. CholesterolC. PhospholipidsD. LecithinAnswer AReasonSebum is a lipid secreted by the sebaceous glandForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (6 11)Question What are esters of fatty acids with long-chain alcohols?A. Sebum B. WaxesC. PhospholipidsD. LecithinAnswer BReasonWaxes are esters of fatty acids with long-chain alcoholsForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (612)Question Which of the followings also know as triglycerides?A. Steroids B. Fats and oilsC. PhospholipidsD. LecithinAnswer BReasonFats and oils also knows as triglyceridesForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (613)Question What is the ration the hydrogen to oxygen?A. 1 2 B. 2 1C. 2 2D. 3 1Answer BReasonCarbohydrates are organic compounds containing the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen to oxygen ration is 21.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (614)Question Which of the followings are the most common lipids?I. FatsII. PhospholipidsIII. OilsIV. WaxesA. I and II only B. I and III onlyC. I, II and IIID. I, II, III and IVAnswer BReasonFats and oils are the most common lipidsForm Form 4 Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (615)Question Which of the cast off a basic four interconnected ring hydrocarbon structure with unalike running(a) side chains?A. Fats and oilsB. PhospholipidsC. Waxes D. SteroidsAnswer DReasonSteroids sire a basic four interconnected ring hydrocarbon structure with different functional side chains.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (616)Question Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?A. All enzymes in living organisms curb an optimum temperature of 37C.B. Enzymes increase the activation energy for the chemical receptions they catalyse.C. Enzymes are denatured at 0C. D. Enzymes function as organic catalystsAnswer DReasonThe optimum temperature is the temperature at which the rate of reaction is at a maximum, which is about 35 40OC. Above the optimum temperature, the increased kinetic energy cause the chemical bonds, which hold the enzyme molecule in shape, to brake. For many organisms, the rate of reactions stops at 60OC due to complete denaturation of body enzymes. Enzymes function as organic catalystsForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (617)Question The diagram appearances the lock-and- tombstone mechanism of enzyme action. Which of the following statements is correct? A. P is the bring out and Q is the lockB. Q is the lock and P is the keyC. Q is the key and R is the lockD. R is the lock and Q is the keyAnswer AReasonThe diagram shows the lock-and-key hypothesis to explain mechanism of enzyme action. substrate molecule P acts as the key and enzyme molecule Q acts as the lock.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (618)Question The graph shows the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction controlled by enzyme catalase. Which is the correct line that continues the graph after 37C?A. AB. BC. CD. DAnswer CReasonThe graph shows the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction con trolled by enzyme catalase. For many organism, the rate of reaction stops at 60C due to complete denaturation of body enzymeForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (619)Question An experiment was carried out to show the effect of temperature on the action of pepsin. The table below shows the contents in test tubes M, N, O, P and the temperatures of the different solutions. The results obtained were then plotted as shown in the graph. The frosty variables are enzyme denseness, substrate concentration and volume of starch suspension.Which of the following graphs I, II, III or IV shows the results of the experiment obtained after 10 minutes?A. AB. BC. C D. DAnswer DReasonAn experiment was carried out to show the effect of temperature on the action of pepsin. The table below shows the contents in test tubes I, II, III, IV and the temperatures of the different solutions. The results obtained were then plotted as shown in the graph. The fixed variables are enzyme concen tration, substrate concentration and volume of starch suspension. The results shows of the experiment obtained after 10 minutesForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (620)Question Where there is an excess of substrate, which graph institutes the effect of increasing concentration of enzyme on the rate of reaction?A. AB. BC. C D. DAnswer DReasonIncreasing enzyme concentration increases the number of active localises available to catalyse the chemical reaction. The rate reaction id directly proportional to the concentration of enzyme, as long as other factors (substrate, temperature and Ph) are not limiting. Where the substance concentration becomes the limiting factor (that is, substrate is in short supply), further increase in enzyme concentration will not increase the rate of reactionForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (621)Question According to the lock and key hypothesis, which is the lock and the key for enzyme rennin?A. AB. BC. CD. DAnswe r DReasonThe lock and key mechanism propose that the substrate molecule fits into the active site of the enzyme molecule in the same way that a key fits into a lock. The substrate represents the key and the enzyme, the lock. Rennin is used to coagulate milk proteins in cheese production.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (622)Question Fresh pineapple juice contains the enzyme protease. A petri dish containing lactose-free milk agar is prepared. Four healthfuls are made in the milk agar. Each soundly is filled with a different solution as shown in the diagram. The petri dish is incubated in an oven at 37C. Which wells are border by a clear region after 3 hours?A. 1 and 4 B. 2 and 3C. 3 and 4D. 2, 3 and 4Answer BReasonFresh pineapple juice contains the enzyme protease. A petri dish containing lactose-free milk agar is prepared. Four wells are made in the milk agar. Each well is filled with a different solution as shown in the diagram. The petri dish is incuba ted in an oven at 37C. Wells 2 and 3 are surrounded by a clear region after 3 hours.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (623)Question certain(a) blue-green bacteria can live in hot springs becauseA. they remain in the cyst formB. the bacterial enzymes are denatured C. the bacterial enzymes have optimal temperatures of 70C or higherD. they have thick vesistant cell wallAnswer CReasonCertain blue-green bacteria can live in hot springs because the bacterial enzymes have optimal temperatures of 70C or higherForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (624)Question The diagram shows the mechanism of an enzyme-controlled reaction. Which of the molecules P, Q, R, or S represents the enzyme?A. PB. QC. RD. SAnswer BReasonThe diagram shows the lock-and-key hypothesis to explain mechanism of enzyme action. Substrate molecule P acts as the key and enzyme molecule Q acts as the lock. Molecule Q is the enzyme moleculeForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of Th e CellBil (625)Question The diagram shows the mechanism of enzyme action. Which property of enzyme is shown in the diagram?A. Enzyme structure is denatured by extremes of pH.B. Temperature upholds the rate of enzyme reaction.C. Enzyme reaction is non-specific.D. Structure of enzyme remains unchanged at the oddity of the reaction.Answer DReasonMore extreme changed in pH not affect enzyme activity temporarily and the unchanged. The diagram above that structure of enzyme remains unchanged at the end of the reactionForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (626)Question The active site of an enzyme isA. identical to its substrateB. identical to the active sites of other enzymes C. complementary to its substrateD. denatured at the end of a chemical reactionAnswer CReasonThe enzyme name is derived by adding the suffix ase at the end of the name of its substrate. Each enzyme has aprecise three dimensional shape with a groove called the active site that is complementary to its substrateForm Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (627)Question Catalase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to release oxygen and water.2H2O2 2H2O + O2Hydrogen peroxide is toxic if allowed to accumulate in the tissues. Tissues that are metabolically active produce to a greater extent catalase. An experiment is set up as shown in the diagram. In which test tube would throttle bubbles be released most rapidly?A. A B. BC. CD. DAnswer BReasonIn test tube B which have small chicken liver piece and 10cm3 hidrogen peroxide would gas bubbles be released most rapidly.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (628)Question How many chemical components of carbohydrates in the cells? A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 7Answer AReasonCarbohydrates, proteins and lipids are important component in the cells. There are four types of carbohydrates which are glucose, starch, glycogen and cellulose.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (629)Question Which of the following are consequences of deficiency for cellulose?I. Muscles cannot contractII. Low levels of antibodies resulting in low electric resistance against diseasesIII. No coordination of cellular activitiesIV. Plasma membrane not formed A. I onlyB. I and III onlyC. I, II and IIID. I, II, III and IVAnswer AReasonCarbohydrates, proteins and lipids are important component in the cells.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (630)Question Which of the following are type of chemical component that low rate of respiration?I. GlucoseII. StarchIII. GlycogenIV. Cellulose A. I onlyB. I and III onlyC. I, II and IIID. I, II, III and IVAnswer AReasonCarbohydrates, proteins and lipids are important component in the cells.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (631)Question Which of the following cannot transport oxygen by red blood cells?A. Proteins B. HaemoglobinC. Membrane proteinsD. EnzymesAnswer BReasonCarbohydrates, proteins and lipids are important component in the cells.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (632)Question Which of the following will come down the respiratory rate in carbohydrates?A. WaterB. IntercellularC. Energy D. DeficiencyAnswer DReasonDeficiency in carbohydrates will decrease the respiratory rate and insufficient energy is produces for cellular activities.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (633)Question Which of the following are biochemical reactions in the cells proceeding at a rate? A. Lack of enzyme resultsB. Extracellular enzymeC. Intercellular enzymesD. Enzyme catalysedAnswer AReasonLack of enzymes results in biochemical reaction in the cells proceeding at a rate too slow to sustain life action.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (634)Question Which of the following formation of plasma membranes?A. Deficiency in enzymeB. Deficiency in proteins C. Deficiency in lipidsD. Deficiency in carbohydratesAnswer CReasonDefic iency in lipids prevents formation of plasma membranes and absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K.Form Form 4Topic Chemical Composition Of The CellBil (635)Question Which of the following will cause stunted growth?A. Deficiency in enzyme B. Deficiency in proteinsC. Deficiency in lipidsD. Deficiency in carbohydratesAnswer BReasonDeficiency in proteins will cause stunted growthForm Form 4Topic Cell courseBil (636)Question Which of the following are the correct sequences of sets in inter sort?A. G1 phase G2 phase S phase B. G1 phase S phase G2 phaseC. S phase G1 phase G2 phaseD. S phase G2 phase G1 phaseAnswer BReasonInterphase occurs before mitosis. The chromosomes are unfoldd, thin threads called chromatin. They are difficult to see infra the light microscope. Interphase can be separate into 3 phases G1 phase S phase G2 phaseForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (637)Question o The cell grows rapidly in size of ito There is high metabolic rate, synthesis of prote ins and cellular organellesThe processes above occur in which stage of interphase?A. M phaseB. S phaseC. G2 phase D. G1 phase Answer DReasonInterphase occurs before mitosis. The chromosomes are elongated, thin threads called chromatin. They are difficult to see under the light microscope. Interphase can be divided into 3 phases G1 phase, S phase and G2 phase. G1 phase also known as growth phase I. G1 cells have high metabolic rate and synthesis of proteins and cellular organelles occurs. The G1 phase cell growth rapidly in size.Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (638)Question Which of the following is not true about cancer?A. It is caused by uncontrolled mitosisB. It may be caused by a mutation in a gene or genes C. It is a class of diseases characterised by benign tumoursD. Exposure to ultraviolet light and X-rays may increase the guess of contracting cancerAnswer CReasonCancer is caused by uncontrolled mitosis. It may be caused by a mutation in a gene or genes. Benign tumours usually grow slowly and are not cancerous. They are localized lumps of cells and generally do not invade adjacent tissues or spread to other side. Exposure to ultraviolet light, ionizing radiation and X-rays may increase the risk of contracting cancer.Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (639)Question Which of the following statements is not true?A. Mitosis produces daughter cells genetically identical to each other B. Cytokinesis is the synthesis of new cytoplasmC. Clones are genetically identical cellsD. myosis occurs during the formation of gametesAnswer BReasonForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (640)Question How many cells are produced by a fertilized ovum which undergoes a series of six mitotic divisions?A. 6B. 12C. 32 D. 64Answer DReasonThe mitotic phase (M phase) includes mitosis and cytokinesis. During mitosis, the nucleus, containing the duplicated chromosomes, divided to form two daughter nuclei. During crytokinesis the cell crytoplasm divides into two. Cell division occurs that is, the parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Each daughter cell then enters into interphase. 64 cells are produced by a zygote which undergoes a series of six mitotic divisionsForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (641)Question An wildcat somatic cell has a diploid number of 24 chromosomes. What is the number of chromosomes in a sperm and a liver cell of the same living creature?A. A B. BC. CD. DAnswer BReasonAn brute somatic cell has a diploid number of 24 chromosomes. In a sperm have 12 chromosomes and a 24 liver cell of the same animalForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (642)Question The bar chart shows the amount of DNA present in a somatic cell of an animal at different stages of mitosis. How many DNA units would be present in the nucleus of one cell of this animal at the end of the first meiotic division?A. 0B. 2C. 4D. 8Answer BReasonMitosis is a continuous process. However, for purpose of discussion, it usually divided into four main stages. There a re prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Telophase are the two sets of chromosomes have separated and have reached the opposite poles of the cell. So, the bar chart shows the amount of DNA present in a somatic cell of an animal at different stages of mitosis. Two DNA units would be present in the nucleus of one cell of this animal at the end of the first meiotic divisionForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (643)Question The diagram represents the life cycle of a flowering plant. At which stage does mitosis occur?A. AB. BC. CD. DAnswer DReasonThe diagram represents the life cycle of a flowering plant. Mitosis occur from zygote to flowering plants.Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (644)Question The diagram shows movements within a cell during mitosis. What do the three curves represent?A. A B. BC. CD. DAnswer BReasonIn the metaphase in plant cell, the centromeres of most plants do not have a pair of centrioles poles of the spindle fibre. The centromeres of the chromosomes and the poles of the spindle fibres. Each chromosomes consisting of two sister chromatids is attracted by the centromere to a spindle fibre. At the end of metaphase, each centromere divides into two.Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (645)Question Which of the following are the similarities between mitosis and cytokinesis in animal cells and plant cells?I. the cells go through prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophaseII. have a pair of centrioles within their centrosomesIII. Occurs in certain typesIV. centrosomes of most do not have a pair of centrioles A. I onlyB. I and III onlyC. I, II and IIID. I, III and IVAnswer AReasonThe similarities between mitosis and cytokinesis in animal cells and plant cells arei. Both animal and plant cells go through prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophaseii. Each parent cell divides once to produce two daughteriii. The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and are genetically identical to the parent cell.Form Form 4Topic Cell D ivisionBil (646)Question The diagram shows a chromosome after DNA replication. Which of the following are consist of it?I. two sister chromatidsII. centromereIII. one chromatidIV. ChromatinA. I onlyB. I and III only C. I, II and IIID. I, II, III and IVAnswer CReasonThe diagram shows a chromosome after DNA replication seen during prophase. It is seen to consist of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. infant chromatids and centromere are in one chromatidForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (647)Question Which of the following is not a inconsistency between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?A. AB. BC. CD. DAnswer AReason 3Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (648)Question A dye commonly used to stain chromosomes in cells of onion root meristems isA. eosin B. aceto-orceinC. tincture of iodineD. methylene blueAnswer BReasonA dye commonly used to stain chromosomes in cells of onion root meristems is aceto-orceinForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (649)Question The diagram shows a chromosome at Prophase I, meiosis. What are structures P and Q?A. AB. BC. CD. DAnswer AReasonThe diagram shows a chromosome at Prophase I in meiosis It is seen to consist of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere.Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (650)Question The diagram shows the longitudinal section of a flower. Where does meiosis occur in the flower?A. 1 and 2 onlyB. 2 and 3 onlyC. 2 and 4 onlyD. 3 and 4 onlyAnswer CReasonThe diagram shows the longitudinal section of a flower. Meiosis occur in the flower are at pollen mother cells and embryo sac mother cell. Pollen mother cells in the another undergo meiosis to produce microspores that develop into pollen grains. The embryo sac mother cell in the ovule undergoes meiosis to produce four megaspore, one of which is the origin of the bollock cellForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (651)Question Which of the following is not a difference between mitosis and meiosis? A. AB. BC. CD. DAnswer AReasonForm Form 4Topic Ce ll DivisionBil (652)Question Which of the following are true about interphase?I. occurs before Meiosis III. cell size is increasesIII. replication of DNA occursIV. the centrioles replicateA. I onlyB. I and III onlyC. I, II and III D. I, II, III and IVAnswer DReasonInterphase arei. Occurs before Meiosis Iii. The cell increase in sizeiii. Replication of DNA occurs.There is duplication of chromosomesiv. The centrioles replicateForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (653)Question What is an example of polyploidy?A. FertilisationB. Meiosis C. The tetraploid conditionD. MitosisAnswer CReasonThe tetraploid condition is an example of polyploidy. Polyploidy is the condition where organisms have more than a diploid number of chromosomesForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (654)Question Which of the following are elevated in animal?A. Polypoidy B. PolyploidyC. HaploidD. MitosisAnswer BReasonPolyploidy cannot be sustained and is rare in animal. Offspring are usually not viable and are aborte d. Hence, it is very important to maintain the diploid chromosomal number from propagation to generation to support life.Form Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (655)Question Which of the following are types of cells undergo meiosis?I. In the human formalII. In the human ovaryIII. In flowering plantIV. In fruit plantA. I onlyB. I and III only C. I, II and IIID. I, II, III and IVAnswer CReasonThere are three types of cells undergo meiosis. There are in the human testis (the manful reproductive organ that produce sperm), in the human ovary (the female reproductive organ that produce ova) and in flowering plantsForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (656)Question How many haploids sets of chromosomes are created?A. 1 B. 2C. 3D. 4Answer BReasonChromosomes arrive at the poles, elongate and become long, thin chromaytin threads again. Two haploids sets of chromosomes are createdForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (657)Question Which of the following is as chiasmata?A. Meiosis occursB. Mit osis occurs C. Crossing-over occursD. Polyploidy occursAnswer CReasonCrossing-over occurs. There is exchange of segments of genetic material between non sister chromatids within a pair of homologous chromosomes. Crossing-over at site knows as chiasmataForm Form 4Topic Cell DivisionBil (658)Question Which of the following are called a tetrad?